100+ Terms Defined

Insurance Glossary

Understand insurance terminology with our comprehensive glossary. Clear definitions for complex insurance terms.

A

Actual Cash Value (ACV)

General

The value of property at the time of loss, calculated as replacement cost minus depreciation.

Actuary

General

A professional who analyzes financial risk using mathematics, statistics, and financial theory.

Additional Insured

General

A person or organization added to an insurance policy who receives coverage under the policy.

Adjuster

General

A professional who investigates insurance claims to determine the extent of liability.

Adverse Selection

General

When high-risk individuals are more likely to purchase insurance than low-risk individuals.

Agent

General

A licensed professional who represents an insurance company and sells its products.

Aggregate Limit

General

The maximum amount an insurer will pay for all covered losses during a policy period.

All-Risk Coverage

Property

Insurance that covers all risks except those specifically excluded in the policy.

Annual Policy

General

An insurance policy that provides coverage for one year.

Appraisal

General

An evaluation of property to determine its value for insurance purposes.

Assigned Risk

Auto

A high-risk driver who cannot obtain insurance through normal channels and is assigned to an insurer by the state.

Auto Insurance

Auto

Insurance that provides financial protection against physical damage and bodily injury from traffic collisions.

B

Beneficiary

Life

A person or entity designated to receive benefits from an insurance policy.

Binder

General

A temporary insurance contract that provides coverage until a permanent policy is issued.

Bodily Injury Liability

Auto

Coverage that pays for injuries to others when you are at fault in an accident.

Broker

General

An independent insurance professional who represents clients and shops multiple insurers for the best rates.

Bundling

General

Purchasing multiple insurance policies from the same company to receive a discount.

Business Interruption Insurance

Business

Coverage that compensates for lost income when business operations are suspended.

C

Claim

General

A formal request to an insurance company for payment or compensation for a covered loss.

Collision Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that pays for damage to your vehicle from collisions with other vehicles or objects.

Comprehensive Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that covers damage to your vehicle from non-collision events like theft, vandalism, or natural disasters.

Coinsurance

Health

A provision requiring the insured to share costs with the insurer after the deductible is met.

Conditions

General

The portion of an insurance policy that specifies the obligations of both the insurer and insured.

Copayment (Copay)

Health

A fixed amount paid by the insured for covered services, typically at the time of service.

Coverage

General

The scope of protection provided under an insurance policy.

Coverage Limit

General

The maximum amount an insurance company will pay for a covered loss.

D

Deductible

General

The amount you must pay out-of-pocket before your insurance coverage kicks in.

Declarations Page

General

A summary page of your insurance policy containing key information about coverage, limits, and premiums.

Defensive Driving

Auto

A driving technique that reduces risk by anticipating dangerous situations and making safe decisions.

Depreciation

General

The decrease in value of property over time due to wear, age, or obsolescence.

Disability Insurance

Health

Coverage that provides income replacement if you cannot work due to illness or injury.

Dwelling Coverage

Home

Insurance that covers the physical structure of your home.

E

Endorsement

General

A written amendment to an insurance policy that changes the coverage or terms.

Exclusion

General

Specific conditions or circumstances listed in a policy that are not covered.

Experience Modification Factor

Business

A multiplier used to calculate workers compensation premiums based on claims history.

Exposure

General

The possibility of loss or damage.

Extended Coverage

General

Additional protection beyond standard policy limits.

F

Face Value

Life

The amount of money payable to beneficiaries upon the death of the insured in a life insurance policy.

FAIR Plan

Property

A state-run insurance pool providing coverage for high-risk properties.

Floater

Property

Additional coverage for movable property regardless of location.

Flood Insurance

Home

Coverage for damage caused by flooding, typically not covered by standard homeowners policies.

Full Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that includes liability, collision, and comprehensive coverage.

G

GAP Insurance

Auto

Coverage that pays the difference between what you owe on a vehicle and its actual cash value if totaled.

General Liability Insurance

Business

Business insurance that covers bodily injury, property damage, and personal injury claims.

Grace Period

General

The time after a premium due date during which coverage continues without penalty.

Guaranteed Replacement Cost

Home

Coverage that pays to rebuild your home regardless of policy limits.

H

Hazard

General

A condition that increases the likelihood or severity of a loss.

Health Insurance

Health

Coverage that pays for medical and surgical expenses.

High-Risk Driver

Auto

A driver with a history of accidents, violations, or other factors indicating higher probability of future claims.

HMO (Health Maintenance Organization)

Health

A health insurance plan that requires members to use a network of providers.

Homeowners Insurance

Home

Coverage that protects your home and belongings against various perils.

Hurricane Deductible

Home

A separate, typically higher deductible that applies specifically to hurricane damage.

I

Indemnity

General

Compensation for damages or loss.

Independent Agent

General

An insurance agent who represents multiple insurance companies.

Inflation Guard

General

An endorsement that automatically increases coverage limits to keep pace with inflation.

Insurable Interest

General

The financial stake a person has in property or life being insured.

Insurance Score

General

A numerical rating based on credit information used to predict insurance risk.

Insured

General

The person or entity covered by an insurance policy.

Insurer

General

The company that provides insurance coverage and pays claims.

L

Lapse

General

The termination of an insurance policy due to non-payment of premiums.

Liability Coverage

General

Insurance that pays for bodily injury or property damage you cause to others.

Libel

General

Written defamation that damages a person's reputation.

Life Insurance

Life

Coverage that pays a benefit to beneficiaries upon the death of the insured.

Limit of Liability

General

The maximum amount an insurer will pay for a covered claim.

Loss

General

Physical damage to property or bodily injury that triggers insurance coverage.

Loss of Use

Home

Coverage that pays additional living expenses when your home is uninhabitable due to a covered loss.

M

Medical Payments Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that pays medical expenses for you and passengers regardless of fault.

Medicare

Health

Federal health insurance program for people aged 65+ and certain younger people with disabilities.

Medicaid

Health

State and federal program providing health coverage for low-income individuals.

Mitigation

General

Actions taken to reduce the severity of a loss.

Mortgage Insurance

Home

Coverage that pays the lender if the borrower defaults on a mortgage.

N

Named Peril

General

A specific risk or cause of loss listed in an insurance policy that is covered.

Negligence

General

Failure to exercise reasonable care, resulting in damage or injury.

No-Fault Insurance

Auto

Auto insurance that pays for your injuries regardless of who caused the accident.

Non-Renewal

General

When an insurer chooses not to renew a policy at the end of its term.

P

Peril

General

A specific cause of loss covered by an insurance policy.

Personal Articles Floater

Property

Additional coverage for valuable personal property.

Personal Injury Protection (PIP)

Auto

Auto insurance that covers medical expenses and lost wages regardless of fault.

Personal Liability

General

Coverage that protects you against claims for bodily injury or property damage you cause.

Policy

General

A written contract between an insurer and insured detailing coverage terms.

Policyholder

General

The person or entity who owns an insurance policy.

Premium

General

The amount paid for an insurance policy, typically monthly, quarterly, or annually.

Proof of Loss

General

A formal statement provided by the insured to the insurer detailing a claim.

Property Damage Liability

Auto

Auto insurance that pays for damage you cause to others' property.

PPO (Preferred Provider Organization)

Health

A health plan that offers more flexibility in choosing healthcare providers.

R

Rate

General

The cost of insurance per unit of coverage.

Rated Policy

General

An insurance policy issued with higher premiums due to increased risk.

Reinstatement

General

Restoring a lapsed insurance policy to active status.

Renewal

General

Continuing an insurance policy for another term.

Renters Insurance

Home

Coverage that protects a tenant's personal property and provides liability protection.

Replacement Cost

General

The cost to replace damaged property with new property of similar kind and quality.

Rider

General

An addition to an insurance policy that modifies coverage or terms.

Risk

General

The chance of loss or damage.

S

SR-22

Auto

A certificate of financial responsibility required for high-risk drivers.

Schedule

General

A list of items covered under a policy, often with specific values.

Slander

General

Spoken defamation that damages a person's reputation.

Subrogation

General

The insurer's right to pursue a third party that caused an insurance loss.

Supplemental Coverage

General

Additional insurance beyond primary coverage.

Surety Bond

Business

A guarantee that specific obligations will be fulfilled.

T

Term Life Insurance

Life

Life insurance that provides coverage for a specific period of time.

Total Loss

General

When damage to property exceeds its value, or repair is not feasible.

Towing and Labor Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that pays for towing and minor roadside repairs.

Umbrella Insurance

General

Extra liability coverage that goes beyond the limits of other policies.

Underinsured Motorist Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that pays when the at-fault driver has insufficient coverage.

Underwriting

General

The process of evaluating risk and determining whether to provide insurance.

Uninsured Motorist Coverage

Auto

Auto insurance that pays for injuries caused by a driver with no insurance.

W

Waiting Period

General

The time that must pass before certain coverage becomes effective.

Waiver

General

A voluntary relinquishment of a known right.

Whole Life Insurance

Life

Permanent life insurance that provides coverage for life and builds cash value.

Workers Compensation

Business

Insurance that provides benefits to employees injured on the job.

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